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| commander1= Ehud Olmert Amir Peretz Dan Halutz Moshe Kaplinsky〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Two Northern Command chiefs? )〕 Udi Adam Eliezer Shkedi David Ben Ba'ashat | strength1=Up to 10,000 soldiers by August 2;〔.〕 30,000 soldiers in the last few days〔. Reuters, 13 August 2006. On web.archive.org〕 | casualties1=Israel Defense Forces: Killed: 121 killed Wounded: 1,244 〔 628 wounded according to Northern Command medical census of 9 November 2006 (The Final Winograd Commission Report, page 353)〕 Israeli civilians: Killed: 44 〔BBC News Online (8 March 2007). ("PM 'says Israel pre-planned war'" ). Retrieved 9 March 2007.〕 Wounded:1,384 Equipment losses: 5 * * tanks damaged beyond repair (from ATGMs and IEDs) 〔(Defense establishment favors Rafael tank protection system ) 30/08/2006, 09:04 Amnon Barzilai, Globes: "The Merkava tank program administration said five of the damaged tanks cannot be returned to service, including two Merkava Mark II and one Mark III."〕〔''Rolling Thunder: A Century of tank Warfare'', (Pen and Sword, 14 Nov 2013), By Philip Kaplan, page 172〕 2 Apache Helicopters lost (due to accidents, malfunctions) 1 transport helicopter lost (due to a Hezbollah missile)〔(Hizbullah shoots down helicopter in southern Lebanon ) Hanan Greenberg Published: 08.12.06, 23:01, ynetnews〕 1 Cobra Helicopter lost (due to accident)〔(Crash grounds Israel helicopters ) Page last updated at 09:04 GMT, Thursday, 11 September 2008〕 1 Aircraft Crashed 〔(Lessons of the 2006 Israeli-Hezbollah War ). Anthony H. Cordesman,William D. Sullivan〕 1 ship damaged (by a C-802 missile).〔(Exclusive: Photos of navy ship hit during war revealed ). YnetNews. 10.11.07〕〔("Striking Deep Into Israel, Hamas Employs an Upgraded Arsenal" ) by MARK MAZZETTI, The New York Times, Dec. 31, 2008.〕 Foreign civilians: 2 dead〔See Casualties of the 2006 Lebanon War#Foreign civilian casualties in Israel and Casualties of the 2006 Lebanon War#Foreign civilian casualties in Lebanon for a complete and adequately sourced list〕 | combatant2= Hezbollah | commander2= Hassan Nasrallah Imad Mughniyeh Nabih Berri Khaled Hadadi Ahmed Jibril Qasem Soleimani | strength2= Several hundreds (south of the Litani river)〔Harel and Issacharoff, p. 172〕 | casualties2=Hezbollah militia: Killed: 250 (Hezbollah claim)〔 ≤500 (Lebanese officials' est.) 500 (UN officials' est.) 600–800 (IDF claim)〔''Lessons of the 2006 Israeli-Hezbollah War'', by Anthony H. Cordesman, William D. Sullivan, CSIS, 2007, page 16〕〔 Captured: 4 fighters Amal militia: 17 dead LCP militia: 12 dead PFLP-GC militia: 2 dead IRGC: ≈6–9 dead (Lebanese officials' est.)〔〔 Lebanese Armed Forces and Police Forces: 43 dead〔 Lebanese citizens (combatants included) and foreign civilians: Dead: * 1,191 (Amnesty International) 1,109 (including 250 Hezbollah militants)(Human Rights Watch)〔(Why They Died: Civilian Casualties in Lebanon during the 2006 War ), Human Rights Watch, September 2007〕 1,191 (Lebanese government est.)〔(Israel/Lebanon: Out of all proportion – civilians bear the brunt of the war ), Amnesty International, November 2006.〕〔(IMPLEMENTATION OF GENERAL ASSEMBLY RESOLUTION 60/251 OF 15 MARCH 2006 ENTITLED "HUMAN RIGHTS COUNCIL" ), United Nations Human Rights Council, 23 November 2006.〕〔(SIPRI Yearbook 2007: Armaments, Disarmament, And International Security ), Oxford University Press, page 69.〕 Wounded: 4,409 Foreign civilians: 51 dead〔 25 wounded United Nations: 5 dead 12 wounded | notes= *It was widely reported that most of those killed were civilians,〔Associated Press via Jerusalem Post (11 January 2007). ("Human Rights Watch raps Israel, Hizbullah, Egypt" ). Retrieved 4 August 2007.〕〔BBC News, ("UN hails Israel's Lebanon pullout" ); retrieved 26 January 2007.〕〔Amnesty International (23 August 2006). ("Israel/Lebanon Deliberate destruction or "collateral damage"? Israeli attacks on civilian infrastructure" ); retrieved 27 January 2006.〕 but the Lebanese government does not differentiate between civilians and combatants in death toll figures.〔 "Israel initially said 800 Hezbollah fighters died but later lowered that estimate to 600."〕 For total casualty figures, see: Casualties of the 2006 Lebanon War * *5 tanks were damaged beyond repair ('lasting vehicle kills'), 22 tanks received armor penetrations, and 52 tanks suffered some form of damage.,〔(Defense establishment favors Rafael tank protection system ) 30/08/2006, 09:04 Amnon Barzilai, Globes: "The Merkava tank program administration said five of the damaged tanks cannot be returned to service, including two Merkava Mark II and one Mark III."〕〔''Rolling Thunder: A Century of tank Warfare'', (Pen and Sword, 14 Nov 2013), By Philip Kaplan, page 172〕 other sources claim 20 main battle tanks destroyed.〔Lessons of the 2006 Israeli-Hezbollah War - A. Cordesman & William D. Sulivan. 157p, ("Israeli main battle tanks destroyed: 20 (6 to mines, 14 to anti tanks guided missiles-- all Merkava 2,3, or 4)" ); retrieved 20 July 2015.〕 }} The 2006 Lebanon War, also called the 2006 Israel–Hezbollah War and known in Lebanon as the July War〔 ((アラビア語:حرب تموز), ''Ḥarb Tammūz'') and in Israel as the Second Lebanon War ((ヘブライ語:מלחמת לבנון השנייה), ''Milhemet Levanon HaShniya''),〔See, e.g., Yaakov Katz, "Halutz officers discuss war strategy," ''Jerusalem Post'', 5 September 2006, p. 2〕 was a 34-day military conflict in Lebanon, northern Israel and the Golan Heights. The principal parties were Hezbollah paramilitary forces and the Israeli military. The conflict started on 12 July 2006, and continued until a United Nations-brokered ceasefire went into effect in the morning on 14 August 2006, though it formally ended on 8 September 2006 when Israel lifted its naval blockade of Lebanon. Due to unprecedented Iranian military support to Hezbollah before and during the war, some consider it the first round of the Iran–Israel proxy conflict, rather than a continuation of the Arab–Israeli conflict.〔(Zisser, E. ''Iranian Involvement in Lebanon''. INSS article )〕 The conflict was precipitated by the Zar'it-Shtula incident. On 12 July 2006, militants from the group Hezbollah fired rockets at Israeli border towns as a diversion for an anti-tank missile attack on two armored Humvees patrolling the Israeli side of the border fence.〔''New York Times'' via the ''International Herald Tribune'' (12 July 2006). ("Clashes spread to Lebanon as Hezbollah raids Israel" ). Retrieved 16 August 2007.〕 The ambush left three soldiers dead. Two Israeli soldiers were abducted and taken by Hezbollah to Lebanon.〔 Five more were killed in Lebanon, in a failed rescue attempt. Hezbollah demanded the release of Lebanese prisoners held by Israel in exchange for the release of the abducted soldiers. Israel refused and responded with airstrikes and artillery fire on targets in Lebanon. Israel attacked both Hezbollah military targets and Lebanese civilian infrastructure, including Beirut's Rafic Hariri International Airport. The Israel Defense Forces (IDF) launched a ground invasion of southern Lebanon. Israel also imposed an air and naval blockade. Hezbollah then launched more rockets into northern Israel and engaged the IDF in guerrilla warfare from hardened positions. The conflict is believed to have killed between 1191 and 1300 Lebanese people,〔Reuters, 12 September 2006; Al-Hayat (London), 13 September 2006〕〔"Country Report—Lebanon," The Economist Intelligence Unit, no. 4 (2006), pp. 3–6.〕〔"Lebanon Death Toll Hits 1,300", by Robert Fisk, 17 August 2006, ''The Independent''〕 and 165 Israelis.〔''Israel Vs. Iran: The Shadow War'', by Yaakov Katz, (NY 2012), page 17〕 It severely damaged Lebanese civil infrastructure, and displaced approximately one million Lebanese〔Lebanon Higher Relief Council (2007). ; retrieved 5 March 2007.〕 and 300,000–500,000 Israelis.〔Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs (12 July 2006). ("Hizbullah attacks northern Israel and Israel's response" ); retrieved 5 March 2007.〕 On 11 August 2006, the United Nations Security Council unanimously approved United Nations Security Council Resolution 1701 (UNSCR 1701) in an effort to end the hostilities. The resolution, which was approved by both the Lebanese and Israeli governments the following days, called for disarmament of Hezbollah, for withdrawal of Israel from Lebanon, and for the deployment of Lebanese soldiers and an enlarged United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL) in the south. UNIFIL was given an expanded mandate, including the ability to use force to ensure that their area of operations was not used for hostile activities, and to resist attempts by force to prevent them from discharging their duties. The Lebanese army began deploying in southern Lebanon on 17 August 2006. The blockade was lifted on 8 September 2006. On 1 October 2006, most Israeli troops withdrew from Lebanon, though the last of the troops continued to occupy the border-straddling village of Ghajar. In the time since the enactment of UNSCR 1701 both the Lebanese government and UNIFIL have stated that they will not disarm Hezbollah.〔Spiegel Online (16 August 2006). ("Who Will Disarm Hezbollah?" ). Retrieved 10 January 2007.〕〔''People's Daily'' Online (19 August 2006). ("Indonesia refuses to help disarm Hezbollah in Lebanon" ). Retrieved 10 January 2007.〕〔''International Herald Tribune'' (18 September 2006). . Archived from (original ) at 14 February 2007.〕 The remains of the two captured soldiers, whose fates were unknown, were returned to Israel on 16 July 2008 as part of a prisoner exchange. == Background == (詳細はsouthern Lebanon into Israel by the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) date as far back as 1968, and followed the Six-Day War; the area became a significant base for attacks following the arrival of the PLO leadership and its Fatah brigade following their 1971 expulsion from Jordan. Starting about this time, increasing demographic tensions related to the Lebanese National Pact, which had divided governmental powers among religious groups throughout the country 30 years previously, began running high and led in part to the Lebanese Civil War (1975–1990). Concurrently, Syria began a 29-year military occupation in 1976. Israel's 1978 invasion of Lebanon failed to stem the Palestinian attacks in the long run, but Israel invaded Lebanon again in 1982 and forcibly expelled the PLO.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Chronology for Druze in Lebanon )〕 Israel withdrew to a borderland buffer zone in southern Lebanon, held with the aid of proxy militants in the South Lebanon Army (SLA). The invasion also led to the conception of a new Shi'a militant group, which in 1985, established itself politically under the name Hezbollah, and declared an armed struggle to end the Israeli occupation of Lebanese territory. When the Lebanese civil war ended and other warring factions agreed to disarm, both Hezbollah and the SLA refused. Ten years later, Israel withdrew from South Lebanon to the UN-designated and internationally recognized Blue Line border in 2000.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=UN Chief Says Israel Is Completely Out Of Lebanon )〕 The withdrawal also led to the immediate collapse of the SLA, and Hezbollah took control of the area in rapid succession. Later citing continued Israeli control of the Shebaa farms region and the internment of Lebanese prisoners in Israel, Hezbollah intensified its cross-border attacks, and used the tactic of seizing soldiers from Israel as leverage for a prisoner exchange in 2004.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=What the Struggle Over a Cease-Fire Could Mean for US-Israeli Unilateralism ) 〕 All told, from summer 2000, after the Israeli withdrawal, till summer 2006, Hezbollah conducted approximately 200 attacks on Israel - most of them artillery fire, some raids and some via proxies inside Israel. In these attacks, including the attack that precipitated the Israeli response that developed into the war, 31 Israelis were killed and 104 were wounded. In August 2006, in an article in ''The New Yorker'', Seymour Hersh claimed that the White House gave the green light for the Israeli government to execute an attack on Hezbollah in Lebanon. Supposedly, communication between the Israeli government and the US government about this came as early as two months in advance of the capture of two Israeli soldiers and the killing of eight others by Hezbollah prior to the conflict in July 2006. The US government denied these claims. According to Jonathan Cook, the Winograd Committee leaked a testimony from Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Olmert suggesting that Olmert "had been preparing for such a war at least four months before the official casus belli: the capture by Hezbullah of two Israeli soldiers from a border post on 12 July 2006." 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「2006 Lebanon War」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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